In this section, we will break down imaging testing methods and how they can complementarily serve MRD testing to give the most accurate picture. 

How It Works

Advanced imaging techniques like PET-CT and MRI scans are used to detect active myeloma lesions in the bones and soft tissues. These scans identify areas of active disease that might not be captured through bone marrow or blood-based MRD testing. 

Sensitivity

Imaging detects larger clusters of disease but cannot identify minimal residual disease at microscopic levels.

Pros

• Non-invasive: No need for biopsies or blood draws
• Comprehensive: Effective in detecting disease outside the bone marrow, such as in soft tissues and bones
• Useful for relapse monitoring: Helps assess disease progression and treatment response, especially in patients with bone involvement

Cons

• Limited sensitivity: Cannot detect very small amounts of residual disease (not MRD-specific)
• May miss microscopic disease: Imaging complements but does not replace molecular MRD testing